Tourism sustainability has become an increasingly common topic in IELTS Writing Task 2, appearing in various forms over the past few years. Based on analysis of recent exam patterns, questions about the effects of tourism on environmental sustainability have appeared approximately 3-4 times annually since 2019.
Let’s examine one recent question that represents this topic:
Some people believe that governments should focus on promoting sustainable tourism practices to protect the environment. Others think economic benefits from tourism are more important. Discuss both views and give your own opinion.
Analysis of the Question
This question requires candidates to:
- Discuss two contrasting viewpoints about tourism priorities
- Evaluate environmental protection vs economic benefits
- Present and justify their own stance
- Follow a balanced discussion format
Balancing sustainable tourism practices with economic benefits
Sample Essay 1 (Band 8.5)
In recent years, there has been considerable debate about whether governments should prioritize the importance of promoting sustainable tourism over its economic advantages. While both aspects deserve attention, I believe that implementing sustainable practices is crucial for long-term tourism viability.
Those who advocate for economic prioritization argue that tourism generates substantial revenue and employment opportunities. Many developing nations rely heavily on tourist income to support their economies, create jobs, and fund infrastructure development. For instance, countries like Thailand and Indonesia have transformed numerous coastal regions into thriving tourist destinations, significantly boosting their GDP and providing livelihoods for millions of residents.
However, proponents of sustainable tourism emphasize the critical need to protect natural resources and cultural heritage. They argue that the benefits of community-based tourism can only be maintained through responsible practices. The deterioration of natural attractions due to overtourism, as seen in places like Maya Bay in Thailand, demonstrates how unchecked tourism development can ultimately destroy the very resources that attract visitors.
In my opinion, the most effective approach is to implement sustainable practices while maximizing economic benefits. Governments can achieve this by introducing environmental regulations, limiting visitor numbers at sensitive sites, and investing in eco-friendly infrastructure. Countries like Bhutan have successfully demonstrated how controlled tourism can generate substantial revenue while preserving natural and cultural heritage.
Sample Essay 2 (Band 6.5)
Nowadays, there is a discussion about whether governments should focus on sustainable tourism or economic benefits from tourism. This essay will discuss both views and give my opinion.
Some people think economic benefits are more important. They say tourism brings money to the country and creates many jobs. For example, when tourists come to a city, they spend money in hotels, restaurants, and shops. This helps local businesses and gives work to many people. Also, the government can use this money to build better roads and airports.
On the other hand, others believe importance of sustainable tourism for economic development is greater. They worry about damage to nature and local culture. Too many tourists can cause pollution and destroy beautiful places. For example, some beaches are now very dirty because of too many tourists. Also, traditional ways of life can change when too many tourists come.
I think both views are important, but sustainable tourism should come first. If we don’t protect our environment and culture, there will be nothing left for tourists to see in the future. Governments should make rules to protect nature while still allowing tourism to help the economy.
Key Vocabulary
- sustainable (adj) /səˈsteɪnəbl/ – capable of continuing without depleting resources
- viable (adj) /ˈvaɪəbl/ – capable of working successfully
- deterioration (n) /dɪˌtɪəriəˈreɪʃn/ – the process of becoming progressively worse
- infrastructure (n) /ˈɪnfrəstrʌktʃə/ – basic physical systems of a country
- eco-friendly (adj) /ˈiːkəʊ ˌfrendli/ – not harmful to the environment
Advanced Sentence Structures
- “While both aspects deserve attention, I believe that implementing sustainable practices is crucial for long-term tourism viability.”
- Complex sentence with concession clause (While…)
- “Countries like Bhutan have successfully demonstrated how controlled tourism can generate substantial revenue while preserving natural and cultural heritage.”
- Complex sentence with embedded clause (how…)
Implementation guide for sustainable tourism practices
Remember to practice writing your own response to this question and share it in the comments section for feedback. Focus on maintaining a clear structure and incorporating relevant vocabulary while expressing your views on this important topic.
