Prison system reform is a recurring topic in IELTS Writing Task 2, appearing roughly twice per year in recent tests. Based on analysis of past papers, this theme commonly emerges in discussion or argument essays, particularly focusing on rehabilitation versus punishment approaches. Let’s examine one recent question that exemplifies this topic.
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Some people believe that prisons should focus on punishment, while others think rehabilitation should be the main goal. Discuss both views and give your opinion.
Sample Essay 1 (Band 8.5)
The debate between punitive and rehabilitative approaches in correctional facilities continues to spark considerable discussion. While both perspectives have merit, I strongly believe that rehabilitation should be prioritized over punishment.
Those advocating punishment argue that how to promote social justice in the criminal justice system harsh consequences serve as deterrents and satisfy society’s need for justice. They contend that lenient treatment undermines the primary purpose of incarceration – to penalize wrongdoing. Additionally, strict punitive measures may discourage potential offenders from committing crimes.
However, rehabilitation offers more substantial long-term benefits for both inmates and society. Professional counseling, educational programs, and vocational training equip prisoners with essential skills for successful reintegration. Studies consistently demonstrate that rehabilitated offenders are significantly less likely to reoffend. Moreover, this approach addresses the root causes of criminal behavior, such as lack of education, mental health issues, or substance abuse.
In my view, while punishment has its place, rehabilitation should be the cornerstone of prison systems. The evidence clearly shows that Mandatory minimum sentences impact justice system? reformed individuals contribute positively to their communities, reducing recidivism rates and associated societal costs. A balanced approach combining constructive rehabilitation programs with appropriate disciplinary measures would yield optimal results.
Sample Essay 2 (Band 6.5)
There are different opinions about how prisons should treat prisoners. Some people think punishment is important, while others believe in rehabilitation. I will discuss both ideas and share my thoughts.
People who support punishment think that criminals should face strict consequences for their actions. They believe that hard conditions in prison will make people afraid to commit crimes. Also, some think that prisoners don’t deserve comfortable living conditions because they have done wrong things.
On the other hand, supporters of rehabilitation say that helping prisoners change is better. They think education and job training can help prisoners become better people. When prisoners learn new skills, they can find jobs after release and stay away from crime.
I think rehabilitation is more important than punishment. When prisoners get help and education, they are less likely to commit crimes again. This is better for society because it means fewer criminals and safer communities. However, some punishment is also necessary to show that crime is wrong.
Analysis of Band Scores
Band 8.5 Essay Features:
- Sophisticated vocabulary and complex structures
- Clear progression of ideas
- Effective use of cohesive devices
- Well-developed arguments with examples
- Precise and academic language
Band 6.5 Essay Features:
- Basic but clear arguments
- Simple but accurate language
- Limited range of complex structures
- Some repetition of ideas
- Basic cohesive devices
Key Vocabulary
- Recidivism (n) /rɪˈsɪdɪvɪzəm/ – tendency to reoffend
- Deterrent (n) /dɪˈterənt/ – something that discourages action
- Penalize (v) /ˈpiːnəlaɪz/ – punish or sanction
- Rehabilitation (n) /ˌriːəˌbɪlɪˈteɪʃən/ – restoration to normal life
- Vocational (adj) /voʊˈkeɪʃənl/ – related to skills and training
Advanced Sentence Structures
- Complex with concession: “While punishment has its place, rehabilitation should be the cornerstone of prison systems.”
- Compound-complex: “Studies consistently demonstrate that rehabilitated offenders are significantly less likely to reoffend, which benefits society as a whole.”
- Passive with modals: “Professional counseling and educational programs should be implemented across all correctional facilities.”
Consider practicing with this topic by writing your own essay in the comments section below. Focus on developing clear arguments and using appropriate academic language.