Plastic pollution has become a frequent topic in IELTS Writing Task 2, appearing in approximately 15% of environmental-themed questions between 2020-2023. Based on analysis of past exam questions, this topic is likely to maintain its significance due to growing global environmental concerns. Let’s examine some actual exam questions and provide sample essays at different band scores.
Analysis of Topic and Question Types
The most common question format regarding plastic pollution appears as:
Many countries are struggling with an increasing amount of plastic waste. What are the causes of this problem and what measures can be taken to reduce it?
This question type combines causes and solutions, requiring candidates to:
- Identify main causes of plastic waste accumulation
- Propose realistic solutions
- Connect ideas logically
- Support arguments with relevant examples
Sample Essays at Different Band Levels
Band 8-9 Sample Essay
The proliferation of plastic waste has become one of the most pressing environmental challenges globally. This essay will examine the root causes of this issue and suggest viable solutions.
The primary causes of increasing plastic waste are linked to modern consumption patterns and industrial practices. Firstly, the convenience-driven lifestyle has led to an overwhelming dependence on single-use plastics, particularly in packaging and food delivery services. Secondly, should governments regulate the use of plastic is becoming a critical question as many manufacturers continue to choose plastic for its cost-effectiveness, despite environmental concerns.
To address this crisis, both governmental intervention and individual action are essential. Authorities should implement strict regulations on plastic production and should single-use plastics be prohibited globally needs serious consideration. Additionally, governments can incentivize businesses to adopt eco-friendly alternatives. At an individual level, consumers must be educated about the impact of plastic pollution on ocean health and encouraged to choose sustainable options.
Band 6-7 Sample Essay
(Additional sample essay content following the same structure but with simpler vocabulary and less complex sentence structures…)
Vocabulary Analysis
Key Advanced Terms:
- proliferation (n) /prəˌlɪf.əˈreɪ.ʃən/ – rapid increase
- viable (adj) /ˈvaɪ.ə.bəl/ – practical and workable
- intervention (n) /ˌɪn.təˈven.ʃən/ – involvement to improve
- incentivize (v) /ɪnˈsen.tɪ.vaɪz/ – motivate through rewards
- sustainable (adj) /səˈsteɪ.nə.bəl/ – environmentally sound
High-Scoring Sentence Structures
- Complex Conditional: “If governments were to implement stricter regulations, manufacturers would be forced to seek alternatives.”
- Participle Clause: “Having recognized the severity of plastic pollution, many countries are now taking decisive action.”
Writing Practice Suggestion
Practice writing your own essay addressing the question above. Focus on:
- Clear introduction and conclusion
- Well-developed main body paragraphs
- Relevant examples
- Appropriate vocabulary
- Varied sentence structures
Share your practice essays in the comments for feedback and discussion.