The preservation of historical sites has been a recurring theme in IELTS Writing Task 2, appearing approximately 2-3 times annually in recent years. Based on analysis of past exam questions, this topic frequently emerges in various forms, particularly focusing on the challenges and importance of preservation efforts. Let’s explore an actual IELTS question that represents this theme.
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The importance of preserving historical sites has become increasingly significant in modern discourse about cultural heritage. Here’s a question that appeared in a recent IELTS exam:
Some people believe that governments should spend money to preserve historical buildings, while others think this money should be spent on improving new housing and road development. Discuss both views and give your opinion.
Analysis of the Question
This question requires candidates to:
- Discuss arguments for preserving historical buildings
- Consider the alternative view of prioritizing modern infrastructure
- Present and justify their own position
Sample Essay 1 (Band 8.5)
The debate between preserving historical architecture and developing modern infrastructure presents a significant challenge for governments worldwide. While both aspects deserve attention, I believe a balanced approach favoring preservation is crucial for sustainable development.
Those who advocate for historical preservation argue that these buildings represent our cultural heritage and collective memory. Ancient structures provide invaluable insights into our ancestors’ architectural expertise and social values. Furthermore, Preserve cultural heritage sites at all costs? is a question that highlights how these sites often generate substantial tourism revenue, contributing significantly to local economies.
Conversely, proponents of modern development emphasize the pressing need for improved housing and transportation infrastructure. They contend that allocating funds to maintain old buildings diverts resources from essential projects that could enhance citizens’ quality of life. Modern housing developments and efficient road networks are vital for economic growth and urban functionality.
However, I believe that preserving historical buildings should take precedence, though not to the complete exclusion of modern development. Historical structures, once lost, cannot be authentically recreated, whereas modern infrastructure can be developed gradually. A strategic approach would involve maintaining historical sites while implementing careful urban planning that integrates new development sensitively around these preserved areas.
Sample Essay 2 (Band 6.5)
The question of whether governments should spend money on historical buildings or new development is important today. There are different opinions about this issue.
Some people think historical buildings are very important. These buildings show our history and culture. They help us remember the past and attract tourists to our cities. Old buildings are also beautiful and make cities look special.
Other people say new houses and roads are more important. Many people need homes, and cities need better roads to reduce traffic. New development helps the economy and makes life easier for people living in cities.
In my opinion, both things are important, but governments should try to save historical buildings first. We can always build new houses and roads, but once old buildings are gone, we cannot get them back. However, governments should also plan new development carefully.
Scoring Analysis
Band 8.5 Essay:
- Sophisticated vocabulary and complex structures
- Clear progression of ideas
- Balanced arguments with nuanced opinion
- Excellent coherence and cohesion
Band 6.5 Essay:
- Simple but clear language
- Basic argument structure
- Limited range of vocabulary
- Some repetition in ideas
Key Vocabulary
- preservation (n) /ˌprezəˈveɪʃn/ – the act of maintaining something in its original state
- infrastructure (n) /ˈɪnfrəstrʌktʃər/ – basic physical structures needed for society
- sustainable (adj) /səˈsteɪnəbl/ – able to continue over time without damaging the environment
- heritage (n) /ˈherɪtɪdʒ/ – features belonging to a culture
- urbanization (n) /ˌɜːbənaɪˈzeɪʃn/ – the process of making areas more city-like
High-Scoring Sentence Patterns
- Complex Contrast: “While [first viewpoint], [second viewpoint] presents an equally compelling argument.”
- Conditional Perfect: “Had governments invested more in preservation earlier, many historical sites might have been saved.”
- Participle Clause: “Considering the irreplaceable nature of historical architecture, preservation should be prioritized.”
Practice writing your own essay on this topic and share it in the comments for feedback!